h 51 laxative causing the bowels to empty easily; 대변을 잘 나오게 하는; N. CF. lax: 창자가 늘어진 tonic something (or medicine) that increases health, strength, or confidence; first note; key note; ADJ. pyre 화장용 장작; mass of wood for burning a corpse boycott refuse to do business with, attend, or take part in (to show disapproval and opposition); N. underwrite support with money; sign (an insurance policy) so as to assume liability in case of specified loss; take responsibility for possible failure underbid bid lower than gird encircle or fasten with a belt or band; surround; prepare (oneself); Ex. gird a castle with a moat; CF. 허리띠를 졸라매다 ? girdle belt worn around the waist; 허리띠; 띠 sash 띠; 장식띠; band or ribbon worn around the waist or over the shoulder; frame in which the panes of a window or door are set intersperse distribute randomly among other things flare brief wavering blaze of light; Ex. solar flare; V. convection heat transferring gas or liquid by the circulation of currents; 열대류 fault find error or defect in; commit a mistake or an error; (of rocks) break and form a fault; fracture; 단층이 생기다 advection transport (of temperature) by the motion of the air school large group of fish or other sea animals swimming together differentiate distinguish; discriminate; perceive a distinction; make or become different or specialized; Ex. Its unusual habits differentiate this bird from others; Ex. What differentiates these two products ? suitcase 여행가방; rectangular and flat piece of luggage luggage baggage; bags, cases, and belongings of a traveler faucet device for regulating the flow of a liquid as from pipe domestic household servant; ADJ. V. domesticate serum 혈청; blood serum from the tissues of immunized animals (used to transfer immunity to another individual) h 52 at_the_mercy_of powerless against; -의 처분에 따르는; Ex. They were lost at sea, at the mercy of weather. feckless (so someone or behavior) worthless and without purpose for the future insignia badges which represent the power of an official or important person soot black powder produced by burning; 검댕; Ex. the inside of a chimney covered in soot lint 실보무라지; soft light loose waste from woolen materials; Ex. lint and clust under the furniture fluff down; thin soft hair or feathers; lint gristle 연골; CF. in the gristle cartilage 연골 (esp. round the joints) rubbish garbage; trash sawdust 톱밥 ready (of the power of mind) quick in apprehending; Ex. ready understanding; Ex. a man of ready wit cadge beg; get by begging; bum; CF. earn meteorite 운석; meteor that has landed on the Earth shuck outer covering (of a plant); husk; shell; V: remove the husk or shell from hedge row of closely planted shrubs forming a boundary; (나무로 심어서 만든) 울타리; CF. fence narcotic addictive drug that reduces pain and induces sleep or stupor seal 바다표범; mark made by pressing a pattern into wax or lead (to prove authenticity); piece of paper or wax fastened across an opening (to protect it from air or water, to stop people from opening it without permission); V. seal off: close tightly (not allowing entrance or escape) anodize coat (a metal) with an oxide; CF. anode(+), cathode(-) dredge machine or ship used for digging up mud from the bottom of a river; net used for gathering shells; dredger; V: deepen or bring up with a dredge bale large tightly tied mass; Ex. a bale of paper/hay/cotton clay 점토; 찰흙 mold hollow form or matrix for shaping; fungi; 곰팡이; soil rich in humus and fit for planting; 유기물이 많은 옥토 locus place where something happens; (수학) 괘적 sole 발바닥; flat bottom part of a shoe twirl rotate or revolve; 빙빙돌리다 bustle be busily active with much noise; 부산하게 움직이다; N: 여성 skirt를 hold하는 frame timeless eternal; ageless ageless seeming never to grow old; eternal slat flat narrow strip of wood or plastic esp. in blinds; Ex. slatted bench slash long sweeping cut; V. Ex. commit suicide by slashing one's wrist lash hit with a whip; N. millinery article made or sold by a milliner; N. milliner: person who makes or sells women's hats; CF. Milan h 53 jockey person who rides in horse races; V: persuade gradually and skillfully; ride (a horse) as jockey; jockey for position: try to gain an advantage over others cult religion or sect considered extremist or false (different from the usual and established forms); particular style (in art, music, or writing) that is followed with obsessive devotion by a fairly small group; obsessive devotion footlight light placed in a row along the front of a stage floor upholster supply (furniture or a seat) with comfortable coverings, filling, springs, and cushion hemophilia 혈우병 (남자에게만 나타남) slouch tired-looking, awkward, drooping posture or gait plot small piece of ground; main story; secret plan; scheme; ground plan: V: (of a group of people) make a secret plan; conspire; represent graphically implant fix in deeply into the body or mind; insert surgically; Ex. deeply implanted fears; N. Ex. artificial heart implant; CF. transplant dwarf 난장이(person, animal, or plant); V: prevent the proper growth of; make appear small by comparison; Ex. art of dwarfing trees; Ex. old cathedral dwarfed by the skyscrapers midget very small person rain (cause to) fall like rain downplay play down; make (something) seem less important than it really is; Ex. downplay the significance of the accident sleet 진눈깨비; precipitation consisting of partially frozen raindrops (or partially melted) downpour heavy fall or rain blizzard heavy fall of snow with strong winds drizzle rain very lightly; N: 이슬비 mask hide with a mask; keep from being seen; OP. unmask: show the hidden truth about dehumanize remove the human qualities from crossfire lines of gunfire crossing each other; rapid heated discussion tussle rough struggle or fight; 격투; V. tissue animal or plant cells; light thin paper caret mark $\wedge$ used in writing to show where something is to be added proof trial sheet of printed material; trial photographic print proofread read (proof) to find errors and mark corrections tong grasping device consisting of two arms aerate put air into (a liquid) as by pressure; expose to fresh air for purification; oxygenate (blood) for respiration cirrus high-altitude cloud; 권운; 덩굴손 nimbus uniformly gray rain cloud; radiant light in the form of a halo over the head in a representation as of a saint cumulus thick white cloud with a flat base; 적운 h 54 stop_short_of stop short at; not do adore love and respect highly tolerate allow (something one does not agree with); bear; recognize and respect (the beliefs of others) inviolate not violated; intact enmesh catch in a net gangway gangplank; board or ramp between a ship and a pier sidewalk pavement; paved walkway along the side of a street pancreas gland near the stomach supplying digestive fluid and secreting insulin; 췌장 bile bitter fluid secreted by the liver (aiding in the digestion of fats); 담즙 menthol white substance which smells and tastes of mint mint 박하; place where coins are officially made; V: make (a coin) vanilla 아메리카 열대 지방산의 덩굴 식물 bean 콩 fang long sharp tooth of an animal (such as a dog or a poisonous snake) molar any of the large teeth (used for breaking up food) enamel hard outer surface of the teeth; vitreous protective coating on metal or glass; V. tusk very long pointed tooth (as in the elephant) hoof 발굽; hard foot (as of the horse) quill bird's feather, esp. a long stiff one in the wing or tail; sharp pointed growth as on the porcupine panther leopard mane long hair growing from the neck of certain animals (such as the horse and male lion) gauche awkward in social behavior roll official list of names; Ex. roll call cloture parliamentary procedure by which debate is ended and an immediate vote is taken; CF. closure artistry (apprec.) artistic skill analogue analog; something that is similar (to something else) offbeat not conventional only sole; Ex. only child red_herring something that draws attention away from the central issue; distraction norm standard (of behavior or ability) coterminous sharing the same border iodine 요드 (used on wounds to prevent infection and in photography) wax solid material made of fats or oils which change to a thick liquid when melted by heat; Ex. earwax; V. vinyl firm bendable plastic pleat flattened narrow fold in cloth; (스커트, 커텐 등의) 주름; V. bit sharp point of a tool for making holes; metal bar, part of a bridle, that is put in the mouth of a horse nail 못; fingernail or toenail; V: fasten with a nail figurehead figure on the prow of a ship; nominal leader with no actual authority ferrous containing iron differential amount of difference; ADJ. based on a difference; Ex. differential rates of pay according to one's income hallmark conspicuous feature or characteristic; mark indicating quality or excellence; Ex. hallmarks of her painting lest -하지 않도록 critique article or book criticizing something heretofore hitherto; until now overshadow throw a shadow over; make appear less important plaque ornamental or engraved plate, slab, or disk used for decoration or on a monument for information; 액자; 장식판; deposit that builds up on a tooth or the inner lining of a blood vessel; 플라크 tartar hard chalklike substance that forms on the teeth; 치석 h 55 chantey chanty; song sung by sailors chorale harmonized hymn to be sung in a church; (합창) 성가 chorus repeated refrain of a song; group of people who sing together; piece of music sung by such a group; body of vocalists and dancers who support the leading performer choral of or for a chorus or choir hymn song of praise; Ex. national hymn ballad a narrative poem; music for such a poem shrug raise (the shoulders) as a gesture of doubt or indifference; shrug off: treat as unimportant; Ex. She just shrugs off the pain. meteorology scientific study of weather conditions crease line made on cloth or paper by folding, crushing, or pressing; V. dent depression in a surface made by pressure or a blow bow front part of a ship stern back part of a ship; ADJ: hard or severe in manner lasso long rope with a noose at one end used to catch horses and cattle sight device used to assist aim by guiding the eye as on a firearm; (총 등의) 가늠쇠 shaft long narrow body or handle of a spear, an arrow, or certain tools; column tamp (길, 흙, 담배 등을) pack down tightly by a succession of blows or taps homeopathy 동종요법; 건강할 때 항원을 투여하여 항체 생성하는 treatment parenthesis words introduced as an added explanation (usu. enclosed at both ends by a parenthesis); ADJ. parenthetic: introduced as an added explanation; Ex. parenthetic remarks arresting engaging; V. arrest: catch and fix (someone's attention); Ex. The bright lights arrested the baby's attention. inventory list of all the goods in a place slate a rock that splits into thin layers; 점판암; piece of this rock cut for use as roofing; 점판암 슬레이트; list of the candidates of a political party manifest list of cargo or passengers (on a ship) litter group of young animals produced at one birth by a mammal gutter channel for draining off water along the edge of a street or root sequel literary work that continues an earlier narrative; something that follows; consequence fetal of a fetus; N. fetus: foetus; unborn young of a vertebrate (distinguished from the earlier embryo); 태아 vestibule small entrance hall or lobby band range of radio wavelengths or frequencies mineral 광물; 무기물; natural inorganic substance pirate one who reproduces the work of another illicitly; V. Ex. pirated video tapes sidestep take a step to the side to avoid; avoid (an unwelcome question or problem) dishonestly; evade; skirt skirt go around; evade or avoid; Ex. decide to skirt the town hurdle 허들; difficulty that must be dealt with; V: leap over (a barrier); overcome; surmount epistle letter (esp. a long and important one) legume plant of the bean family with its seeds in a pod harness apparatus for controlling a horse or for fastening a horse to a cart; V. gravitate be attracted and move gradually towards; move in response to the force of gravity; Ex. gravitate to/towards; N. gravitation h 56 hesitate pause before taking an action; be unwilling to do something lazy disliking and avoiding work; (of a period) spent in doing nothing; moving slowly; sluggish; Ex. lazy afternoon/river; V: rest lazily; spend (time) lazily ivory 상아; 상아색; creamy white; article made of ivory; ivories: piano keys; CF. ivory tower: place of retreat, esp. preoccupation with intellectual considerations rather than practical life; 실사회와 동떨어진 사색, 몽상의 세계 peel skin of fruits; V: strip the peel from; pare rind tough outer covering of fruits, esp. of the melon and lemon mast upright pole of wood or metal for carrying sails spar wooden or metal pole used to support sail rigging; 가로날개뼈대 rung bar forming a step of a ladder; crosspiece between the legs of a chair hangar 비행기 격납고 brake 브레이크; V: slow or stop by using a brake file put (papers or letters) in a file; 철하다 magnify make greater in size or effect; cause to appear greater; exaggerate munition large arms; 군수품 (특히 탄약) reportorial of a reporter brace something used for supporting (as a beam in a building, or an orthopedic appliance); 버팀대; 부목; 치열 교정기; 돌이송곳; 중괄호; V: support and strengthen with a brace; prepare (oneself) for something difficult; Ex. The country is bracing itself for the threatened enemy invasion. circumstantial (of information, esp. concerning a crime) based on circumstances but not really proving anything; incidental; (of a description) containing all the details; Ex. circumstantial evidence/account gadget small device linen cloth made from the plan flax; white underclothes leaflet small piece of printed paper (advertising something); 광고 전단; small leaf handbill printed sheet or pamphlet distributed by hand; CF. bill flier leaflet ringlet long curl of hair frame surround with a solid protecting edge; 액자에 넣다 sample small part representative of a whole; V: take a sample of (in order to test) sanitation application of public health measures; 공중위생; disposal of sewage and garbage; 하수도 설비 sanitary relation to health; clean; hygienic sanitize make sanitary; remove unpleasant or offensive features from; Ex. sanitize a report landslide sudden fall of earth or rocks; large, often unexpected, success in an election puddle 웅덩이; small pool of liquid, esp. rainwater drift be carried along by currents of air or water; move from place to place without purpose; wander; be piled up in banks or heaps by a current; N: drifting; bank or pile, as of sand or snow, heaped up by currents of air or water; main idea; gist; Ex. a drift of dead leaves; Ex. snow drift; Ex. catch the drift of courtly graceful and polite in manners solidarity agreement of interests or principles among a group primacy state of being first in position or importance blaze bright flame; white spot on the face of an animal; mark cut or painted on a tree to indicate a trail; V: burn with a bright flame; indicate (a trail) by marking trees with blazes; Ex. blaze a trail: lead the way in a new activity; CF. trailblazer: innovative leader in a field; pioneer sorority club of women students; CF. fraternity; CF. sororicide decline express polite refusal; (as land) slope downward; deteriorate gradually; N: period or process of declining; CF. turn down h 57 agronomy application of soil and plant sciences to farming fuse cord of readily combustible material; 도화선; 퓨즈; V: reduce to a plastic state by heating; melt; mix together by melting wick (양초, 램프의) 심지; cord that draws fuel to the flame by capillary action crate wooden shipping box; V. CF. crater produce something produced; fresh farm products ode long poem addressed to a person or thing overdose take too large a dose; N. courtyard court; open space surrounded by walls; 마당 thatch plant stalks or foliage used for roofing; V: cover with thatch statuary statues collectively knocker hinged fixture used for knocking on a door gong metal disk struck to produce a loud sonorous tone; 징 otherworldly more concerned with the spirit or mind than with material things anatomy scientific study of the bodies and body parts; body; dissection of body physiology scientific study of how the bodies work disciple follower of any great teacher flint 부싯돌 blade flat part of a knife, propeller, oar, or bat; long flat leaf of grass; 잎줄기 oar 노; long pole with a flat blade used for rowing a boat (while held in position by rowlocks) paddle 노; short pole with a flat blade (not held in position) bat wooden stick for hitting the ball as in cricket, baseball, and table tennis flange protruding rim or edge, as on a wheel, used to hold an object in place cider alcoholic drink made from apples cinder burned substance (not reduced to ashes but not burned further) tare weed; 잡초; weight of wrapping material in which goods are packed enrich make rich; improve the quality of; add nutrients to; Ex. enrich the soil snob one who affects an air of superiority and despises those lower in social position, intellect, or taste; N. snobbery; ADJ. snobbish warmonger person who urges war or tries to get a war started fluent speaking, writing, playing a musical instrument in a smooth manner fictive of fiction; fictional; not genuine; sham h 58 milestone stone at the side of a road; turning point; important event which changes the course of someone's life or history breakthrough penetrating an obstacle or restriction; major success that permits further progress as in technology tolerable that can be tolerated; fairly good mistake misunderstand; fail to recognize; Ex. mistake an address/his car/A for B; N. ADJ. mistaken: wrong in understanding, perception, opinion; CF. unmistakable: clearly recognizable; Ex. unmistakable sound of breaking glass inoculate introduce a serum, vaccine, or antigenic substance into (to produce immunity to a specific disease) ruffle disturb the smoothness or regularity of; Ex. ruffle one's hair/composure; N: frill; strip of fabric used for trimming or decoration rug heavy fabric used to cover a floor rugged having a rough irregular surface; 울퉁불퉁한; strong and sturdy; Ex. rugged terrain/vehicle rafter 서까래; large sloping beam that supports a roof molding ornamental strip, as of wood or stone, used to decorate a surface vista distant view (양쪽에 집, 나무 등이 들어서 있는 경치); broad mental view as of a series of events; 추억; 전망 befriend act as a friend to convalesce recuperate from an illness or injury; ADJ. convalescent infuse fill (someone) with (a quality); N. infusion best defeat; outdo; outwit explosive that can explode; N: explosive substance vivify give life to; animate; make more lively caterpillar many-legged wormlike creature; endless chain bud small protuberant plant structure containing an undeveloped shoot, leaf, or flower; 눈 cat 고양이과 동물 crockery earthenware; cups or plates made from baked clay drawer 서랍; drawers: underpants necklace ornament worn around the neck; 목걸이 lyric poem that expresses subjective thoughts and feelings; ADJ. skit short comic theatrical sketch/play; CF. skittish snatch seize or grab (with a sudden violent movement); 잡아채다; take quickly without permission; Ex. The thief snatched her handbag and ran; N. gulp swallow greedily or rapidly in large amounts; N. rash set of red spots on the skin; (fig.) sudden large number; Ex. a rash of complaints antihistamine substance used in the treatment of colds and allergies stylish fashionable; elegant vermin small animals or insects that are destructive or injurious to health (such as rats or cockroaches); ADJ. verminous balloon expand like a balloon; bulge; ride in a balloon light-hearted not serious; cheerful; happy archaism word or phrase that is no longer in use; archaic word or expression paternalism policy of governing people in a fatherly manner by satisfying their needs but without giving them any freedom or responsibility; ADJ. paternal caper jump in a playful manner (as lambs); N. detergent cleansing substance; 세제; ADJ. estimable (apprec.) worthy of esteem; admirable inestimable (apprec.) too excellent to be calculated; of immeasurable worth; invaluable; impossible to estimate; incalculable happenstance chance circumstance sizable sizeable; fairly large size sizing; gluey substance used as a glaze for paper, cloth, or wall surfaces shore support by a prop; Ex. shore up the damaged wall; N: (배, 건물, 담장, 나무 등의) 지주; 버팀목; prop outstanding not yet settled or paid; Ex. outstanding problems/debts due something owed or deserved; dues: membership fee h 59 tax strain; excessive demand; V: strain; make heavy demands on; tax someone with something: charge; accuse; Ex. They were taxing my patience by asking such stupid questions; CF. duty taxing demanding; needing great effort; burdensome snide slyly derogatory; expressing an unfavorable opinion in a way that is usu. indirect but unpleasant; Ex. make snide remarks corridor passage between two rows of rooms; narrow tract of land, esp. through another country tanker ship, plane, or vehicle constructed to transport liquids in bulk foreclose take back property because someone's failure to repay; deprive (a mortgagor) of mortgaged property; N. foreclosure mortgage legal pledge of property to a creditor as security for the payment of a loan; V. CF. mortgagor, mortgagee pledge formal promise; something considered as security to guarantee payment; something given or received as a pledge of faith; Ex. Take this ring as a pledge of our friendship; V. garnishment proceeding whereby property belonging to a debtor but in the possession of another is turned over to the creditor garret attic garland 화환; circle of flowers of leaves (worn round the neck for decoration or as a sign of victory); V. wreath ring as of flowers or leaves festoon garland herbaceous relating to an herb as distinguished from a woody plant; 풀의 table shelve; postpone consideration of recompense reward for trouble or loss; V. tadpole 올챙이 gill organ through which a fish breathes; 아가미 mucus viscous substance secreted by glands; 점액; 식물의 진; ADJ. mucous guarded cautious; not saying too much; noncommittal; Ex. guarded reply guard keep under control; (말을) 삼가다; Ex. guard your tongue carefully streamline construct so as to offer the least friction to fluid flow; improve the efficiency of; Ex. streamline the production process inspired so good as to seem to show inspiration from God; (권력자, 소식통의) 뜻을 받든; Ex. inspired writing: 성서; Ex. inspired article: 어용기사 haul pull forcibly; transport as with a truck or cart; Ex. haul up fishing nets; Ex. haul logs; N: act of hauling; distance over which something is hauled; amount of fish caught; amount collected overhaul examine thoroughly and repair if necessary; N. overtake catch up with; come up to the same level and usu. pass baton short stick (used by a conductor, policeman, or runner) truncheon nightstick; short stick carried by police cashier 은행출납원 eavesdrop listen secretly to other's conversation overhear hear by accident chatterbox extremely talkative person nag annoy by constant scolding, complaining, or urging stall compartment for one animal in a barn or shed; V: bring or come to a standstill full-fledged fully-fledged; (of a young bird) having grown all its feathers and now able to fly; completely trained stark utter; complete; bare in appearance without any pleasant additions; hard; (시체 등이) 경직된; Ex. His actions were in stark contrast to his words; Ex. stark realities of life for the poor glide move in a smooth continuous manner (as a boat or swan); (of a bird) fly smoothly without using the wings brat bad-mannered child rogue scoundrel; dishonest person; ADJ. (of a wild animal) living apart from the rest moralistic (derog.) having excessively unchanging narrow ideas about morals; N. moralist h 60 immediate done at once and without delay; of the present time; nearest; with nothing in between; direct; Ex. immediate reply/plan/family/cause plead appeal earnestly; submit as an excuse; put forward a plea or argue in a court of law; 변론하다; N. plea: serious request; excuse; statement by someone in a court of law range connected line of mountains shiver shake slightly (because of cold or fear); break into fragments or splinters; N. discountenance view with disfavor mill machine for crushing grain into flour; 맷돌; 제분기; 방앗간; factory; Ex. paper mill; V. bazaar sale to collect money wares small articles for sale daguerreotype a kind of early photograph; 은판사진법으로 찍은 사진 musket a type of gun firearm gun demand ask strongly; claim as if by right; OP. supplicate blackmail extortion (of money or advantage) by the threat of exposing something discreditable; V. disincentive something that discourages action jingoism extreme nationalism (by a belligerent foreign policy) jolt shake forcefully; N. excrete (of animals and humans) pass out (waste matter) from the body toxin poisonous substance (esp. produced by living cells or organisms); CF. toxic aftermath period following a bad event; consequence of a disaster or misfortune veterinarian 수의사; ADJ. veterinary cure preserve (meat) as salting, smoking, or aging; (고무를) 경화하다 tapestry heavy cloth on which colored threads are woven h 61 denture set of artificial teeth; 의치; 틀니 toupee hairpiece worn to cover a bald spot; CF. transformation: 여성용가발 ranger wanderer; rover; 산림경비관; warden employed to protect a forest cowhand cowboy or cowgirl; 목동 recruit newly engaged member of a military force or other organization; V: strengthen or raise (an armed force) by enlistment crawl move slowly with the body close to the ground; be completely covered by insects or worms; Ex. The kitchen is crawling with ants; N. rampage rush wildly or violently; Ex. The elephant rampaged through the forest; N: violent frenzied behavior; Ex. Football crowds went on the rampage through the town arabesque 아파비아풍의 장식 양식 nave central part of a church between two aisles; 교회당 중앙의 본당 pew bench for the congregation in a church; 교회의 신도 좌석 belfry bell tower (in a church) liberal willing to respect the ideas of others; supporting some change in political or religious affairs; open-minded; broad-minded; tolerant; giving freely; generous; given freely; abundant; not literal; not exact; Ex. liberal supporter of the hospital; Ex. liberal supply of drinks; Ex. liberal interpretation of a rule shatter break suddenly into small pieces; Ex. I dropped the mirror and it shattered; CF. splinter control group of people in control of an operation; Ex. ground control (at an airport) scholarship method and attainment of a scholar; serious study; Ex. Her book is a fine piece of scholarship. newel vertical support at the center of a circular staircase; 나선형 층층대의 중심기둥 gallant courageous; (of a man) attentive and polite to woman; N. gallantry mold 곰팡이; CF. fungus: 균류; 버섯 ironclad covered with iron plates for protection; rigid; fixed; Ex. ironclad rule brilliant very bright; very clever pebble 조약돌; small stone (worn smooth by erosion) gravel mixture of rock fragments or pebbles cardboard thick stiff material made of pressed paper; 마분지; 판지 suede leather with a soft napped surface; 무두질한 새끼 염소, 송아지의 가죽 sip drink in small quantities nibble eat with small repeated bites material of real matter; relevant; significant; important; having a connection svelte (apprec. of a woman) slim; slender in figure or outline fidget move nervously or restlessly (so that one annoys people); N. fidgets: restlessness manifested by nervous movements; ADJ. fidgety: restless or nervous setback something that prevents progress; check in progress; reverse(opposite) air expose to air; (의복 등을) 바람에 쐬다; 널다; ventilate; make known to others (one's opinion or complaints) in an unwelcome way blanket 담요 saucer 받침접시; Ex. a cup and saucer mien bearing; manner; appearance stunt feat displaying unusual skill or daring; 묘기 h 62 carol song of praise or joy darn repair (a hole in cloth) by weaving threads across; Ex. darn a sock/the hole in a sock wield have and use (power or influence); hold and use (a weapon); CF. 휘두르다 ? guru Indian religious leader or teacher; recognized leader; Ex. guru of economics wit intelligence; 기지; ability to say things both clever and amusing; person who has this ability melodrama drama marked by exaggerated emotions, stereotypical characters, and interpersonal conflicts (with very good or very wicked characters); ADJ. melodramatic: too emotional or sentimental brew make (ale or beer) from malt(엿기름) or hops; make (a beverage) by boiling or steeping; be imminent; Ex. A storm is brewing brief short condensed statement; V: give or receive concise prefatory instructions or information; N. briefing stomach bear; tolerate; eat without dislike; Ex. I can't stomach his jokes. canon accepted standard of behavior or thought; official list of writings (of a certain writer); Ex. a poem belonging to the Shakespearian canon; ADJ. canonical: according to canon; belonging to a canon canopy decorative cover of cloth (fixed above a bed, a seat, or posts); 조종사실 위쪽의 투명한 덮개 potshot carelessly aimed shot; 난사 antedate be earlier than postdate happen later than; put a date on (eg. a check) that is later than the actual date astonish fill with great surprise limerick humorous short poem with five lines legible (of handwriting or print) that can be read; OP. illegible vanquish defeat completely ingest take (food or medicine) into the stomach; CF. digest foyer lobby of a public building; entrance hall of a private dwelling; vestibule lobby group of persons engaged in trying to influence legislators; V: try to influence public officials for or against a specific cause lobe rounded part or projection of an organ; Ex. earlobe; Ex. lobe of the brain/lung/liver batch amount prepared or produced at one time; group of persons considered as a set; Ex. a batch of bread/students vandal person who intentionally destroys public property or things belonging to other people; N. vandalism tandem bicycle built for two riders; Ex. in tandem: with both working closely together fling throw or move quickly and forcefully; throw (oneself) into an activity with energy; 정력을 쏟다; Ex. fling oneself into; N: act of flinging; brief period of indulging one's impulses h 63 dramatize adapt (a literary book) for dramatic representation; present in a dramatic or melodramatic way narrow careful and thorough; painstaking; Ex. narrow reading/examination disrupt throw into disorder; Ex. The accident disrupted railway services. transact carry out (a piece of business or trade); N. transaction: something transacted; a piece of business; Ex. fixed charge for each transaction in the bank medal piece of metal (as an honor for bravery or skill) bettor someone who bets stake 내기에 건돈 sketchy not thorough; lacking details ledger account book recording the money taken in and given out ballot sheet of paper used to make a secret vote; secret voting; 무기명 투표; V. CF. ball poll 여론조사; number of votes cast at an election; giving votes at an election pollen 수술가루; CF. pollination flourish thrive; wave in hand and draw attention; N: showy movement or gesture that draws people's attention; embellishment or decorative curve in handwriting summary done at once without attention to details or rules (as in punishments); Ex. He was summarily dismissed. blueprint 청사진; detailed plan of action certificate document testifying to the truth of something; document certifying completion of requirements (as of a course of study); Ex. birth/death certificate certify declare or confirm formally as true; issue a certificate to; Ex. The doctor certified the prisoner insane; Ex. certified teacher hack cut or chop with irregular blows; 난도질하다; N: writer hired to produce routine writing; hackney hackney horse suited for routine riding or driving carve slice; divide into pieces by cutting; cut (wood or stone) into a special shape tamper touch or make changes in something without permission (so as to cause damage); interfere harmfully; make secret arrangements; Ex. tamper with a jury strive struggle hard; make a great effort to gain something; Ex. He strove for recognition as an artist. heavy-handed clumsy; awkward (in movements of the hands); oppressive or harsh in the way one treats other people; Ex. heavy-handed style of management; CF. even-handed orb ball; eyeball; celestial body; ball decorated with gold carried by a king or queen as a sign of power h 64 reflect throw back from a surface; manifest; show; think seriously; Ex. Her work reflects intelligence; ADJ. reflective: thoughtful stalk pursue (game or enemy) stealthily; stride in a haughty manner; move threateningly or menacingly; Ex. Disease stalked (through) the city. forage search as for food or other supplies; Ex. go foraging for wood to make a fire; N: fodder; food supplies for cattle and horses; search for food or provisions weed 잡초를 뽑다 picker 수집가; 채집가; CF. pick highbrow (derog.) one who has or affects a high degree of learning lowbrow (derog.) one who has no interest in literature or arts exhaustive thorough; including all cases; Ex. exhaustive search/study forgive pardon; stop feeling anger or resentment against; absolve from payment of; (빚 등을) 탕감하다; Ex. Will you forgive me the debt; OP. exact pointless meaningless; useless; futile; Ex. It's pointless to try. shoulder something shaped like a shoulder; slope near the top of a mountain; outward curve of a bottle below the neck; edge along either side of a roadway; 도로의 노견 perimeter closed curve bounding a plane area; length of this curve fume feel or show anger; N. fumes: heavy strong-smelling air (given off from smoke, fresh paint, oil, etc.) sensation feeling; (cause of) a state of excited interest; Ex. sensation caused by the new discovery bondage servitude; condition of a slave or serf; CF. 다른 뜻 없음 lactate secrete or produce milk; CF. lact-: milk punctuate divide (written matter) into sentences or phrases with punctuation mark; break the flow of repeatedly; interrupt periodically; Ex. The tense silence was punctuated by bursts of gunfire. glaciate subject to glacial action; 빙하로 덮다; freeze willy-nilly whether desired or not chill cold; ADJ. V: make or become cold; dispirit blast strong gust of wind; forcible stream of air, gas, or steam; loud sound as of whistle or trumpet; explosion as of dynamite or bomb; plant disease; blight; V: explode; sound loudly; blare; cause to dry up and die; CF. blast-off h 65 challenging needing the full use of one's abilities; difficult but in an interesting way; Ex. a challenging problem mature fully grown or developed; having a fully developed mind; sensible and reasonable; (of a bill) ready to be paid; payable; V. fade lose brightness, color, strength, freshness, etc. tidy orderly and neat; 논리정연한; Ex. tidy theory assertive expressing strong opinions; showing a confident belief in one's own ability conflate bring (parts) together to form a single whole; combine locomotive self-propelled vehicle; N. locomotion: movement; ability to move tug pull hard with force; N. CF. tug-of-war: 줄다리기 tugboat small powerful boat designed for towing larger vessels barge large boat for transporting freight charade pretense; sham; charades: pantomime으로 나타낸 word를 알아맞추는 game; Ex. The trial was a mere charade; the verdict had already been decided. tassel bunch of loose threads bound at one end (used as an ornament); 장식용 술; 옥수수의 수염 cravat necktie sash 장식띠; band or ribbon worn around the waist or over the shoulder; (내리닫이 창의 창틀); CF. cordon poncho 판초; blanketlike cloak planetary of a planet; worldwide; global off-key out of tune; inappropriate oncologist 종양학자 understudy actor who studies a role and is able to replace a regular performer; V: be an understudy for; Ex. She understudied Smith. sheriff 보안관; chief law enforcement officer clerk 사무원 (as in an office, court, or legislative body) orchard 과수원 dune hill of wind-blown sand; 모래언덕 freckle 주근깨 daredevil recklessly bold; N: one who is recklessly bold royalty people of royal family; payment made to a write, inventor, or proprietor dividend 배당금; share of profits received by a stockholder bad-tempered impatient; irritable reservation feeling of doubt or uncertainty (when one's agreement is limited); booking; Ex. without reservation; CF. reserve: quality of being reserved garage 차고; service station (where cars are repaired or serviced) evangelist one who practices evangelism; N. evangelism: zealous preaching of the gospel as through missionary work spiritual religious song of African-American origin surplus superfluous; being in excess of what is needed; N: surplus amount or quantity forbidding having a fierce appearance; Ex. forbidding countenance h 66 iris 안구의 홍채 (surrounding the black pupil); 붓꽃 pupil 학생; 안구의 동공 cornea tough transparent membrane of the eyeball (covering the iris and the pupil) carve cut (cooked meat) into pieces; cut (wood or stone) into a special shape; gain (esp. a position) by long effort; Ex. She has carved a niche for herself as a comic actress. plum 플럼; 서양자두 prune dried plum jewel precious stone gem precious stone, esp. when cut into a regular shape turquoise precious greenish-blue mineral; 터키옥; ADJ. of the color of turquoise violet 제비꽃; ADJ: having a purplish-blue color lettuce 상추 vine grapevine; climbing plant that produces grapes cherry 벚나무; 버찌(a kind of fruit) linoleum durable material made in sheets (used as a covering for floors) selfless (apprec.) completely unselfish; caring only for others and not for oneself ensign flag on a ship (esp. to show what nation the ship belongs to); badge of office or power; emblem; CF. insignia victor winner; ADJ. victorious: that has won; of a victory; Ex. victorious team/shout clinch confirm or settle conclusively (an argument or bargain); (of boxers) become too closely engaged; fasten securely as with a nail or bolt; Ex. They clinched the deal quickly. flak flack; anti-aircraft artillery; bursting shells fired from such artillery; severe disapproval or opposition flop move or fall down heavily and awkwardly; 털썩 주저앉다; fail; collapse; be unsuccessful; N: act or sound of flopping; utter failure mountainous having many mountains; massive; huge grade gradient; degree of slope landlocked enclosed by land; 바다와 접해 있지 않은 hemorrhage flow of blood; bleeding rumple disarrange (hair, clothes, etc.); make untidy hush silence or stillness; V: make or become silent; calm; soothe; CF. '쉿'하는 소리 discourteous not polite; rude alight come down and settle (as after flight); dismount (as from a horse or vehicle); Ex. The bird alighted on a branch; ADJ: on fire; burning; having the lights on dovetail tight interlocking join; V: join (wood) by means of dovetails; fit perfectly together mortise rectangular cavity in a piece of wood or stone prepared to receive a tenon (forming a joint) tenon projection on a piece of wood for insertion into a mortise tenor continuous course; general meaning; drift; purport; highest male voice; Ex. the even tenor of our existence; Ex. understand the tenor of his speech bail security (usu. money) supplied as a guarantee that an arrested person will appear for trial; 보석금; release from imprisonment obtained by bail; 보석; (냄비, 주전자의) arched handle; (뱃바닥에 괸 물을 퍼내는) 파래박; V: obtain freedom for by paying bail; remove water from a boat; Ex. bail out someone h 67 workaday ordinary; mundane; commonplace; of working days carcass dead body (of an animal) overpower defeat or overcome by greater power anticipate act in advance to prevent; forestall; foresee; expect otter 수달 (aquatic, carnivorous, having webbed foot) acorn fruit of an oak four-poster bed having tall corner posts (intended to support curtains or a canopy) canal artificial waterway; tube or duct canalize deepen or widen (a river) to stop flooding; direct (a variety of actions) to one particular purpose; Ex. canalize all its efforts into improving its image with the public chlorine Cl; 염소 girder iron or steel beam which supports a floor, roof, or bridge hinge 경첩; metal part which joins two objects together; V: fix (something) on hinges; hinge on/upon: depend on lattice latticework; open framework made of interwoven strips as of metal or wood trellis open latticework used for training climbing plants; Ex. roses growing on trellis tine point or prong as on a fork or a deer's antler cleaver heavy broad-bladed knife or hatchet (used by butchers) hatchet small ax skew turn or place at an angle; distort; Ex. skew the results of the survey; N: slant skewer 꼬챙ㅇ; long pointed rod for impaling and holding food during cooking silversmith one that makes articles of silver recipe set of directions for making something (esp. food) quilt 이불; cloth cover for a bed filled with soft material; ADJ. quilted: made with cloth containing soft material flexible that can bend easily; that can be changed for new needs, changed conditions, etc. reclaim ask for the return of; make (land) fit for use; (땅을) 개간하다; obtain (useful materials) from a waste product; reform; help to lead a better life; 개심시키다; (동물을) 길들이다; Ex. This land was reclaimed from the sea; Ex. reclaim metal from old cars; Ex. reclaim former criminals outgrowth natural consequence; product of growing out; offshoot; Ex. Crime is often an outgrowth of poverty. outgrow grow too large or too old for; grow out of; surpass in growth; Ex. outgrow one's clothes/childish habits offshoot new stem or branch; Ex. an offshoot of a large organization tourniquet band of cloth that is twisted tightly around an arm or leg to stop bleeding trapeze short horizontal bar suspended from two parallel ropes (used for acrobatics); CF. trapezoid chromosome 염색체; linear strand of DNA in the nucleus of cells pawnbroker 전당포주인; one that lends money at interest in exchange for personal property deposited as security chrysanthemum 국화 essence intrinsic property; concentrated extract of a substance that retains its fundamental properties; 정; perfume or scent; 향수; 향 pitch dark sticky substance obtained from the distillation residue of coal tar, wood tar, or petroleum (used for waterproofing, caulking, and paving) Ex. as black as pitch adumbrate give an incomplete or faint idea of (esp. future events); give a sketchy outline of; foreshadow upstage toward or on the rear part of a stage; ADV. V: make (another performer) face away from the audience by assuming a position upstage; take away attention from; OP. downstage; CF. 예전에는 무대 안쪽이 앞쪽보다 높았음. demoralize undermine the morale of; dishearten; corrupt ply one layer as of clothe or plywood; one of the strands twisted together to make yarn, rope, or thread; V: join together; use diligently; continue supplying; Ex. She sat plying her needle; Ex. ply their guests with food lettered highly educated; learned; literate unlettered not well educated; illiterate scour search through thoroughly; clean or remove by hard rubbing with a rough material; Ex. scour the countryside for the escaped prisoners; Ex. scour dirty pots and pans holism theory or belief emphasizing the importance of the whole and the interdependence of its parts (believing that a whole thing is more than just a collection of parts); ADJ. holistic; Ex. holistic medicine pointed having a point; sharp; incisive; (of something said) obviously (and unfavorably) directed at a particular thing or person; cleanly evident; marked; Ex. pointed comment; Ex. pointed lack of interest pride group (of lions) h 68 redeem make (something bad) slightly less bad; make up for; buy back; recover the ownership of; bring back to favor; carry out; Ex. redeeming feature/redeem an earlier mistake; Ex. redeem a pawned watch; Ex. redeem all the promises fad briefly popular fashion, interest, or activity; Ex. only a passing fad; ADJ. faddish angle point of view; standpoint; Ex. look from another angle; V: try to catch fish with a hook and line corral enclosed area where cattle, horse, etc. are kept; V: drive (animals) into a corral; CF. pen den home of a fierce animal such as a lion; center of secret activity coop cage for hens or poultry lullaby pleasant song used for causing children to sleep; CF. lull bore make a hole through with a drill; N: hole made by drilling; inner diameter of a hole literati literary intelligentsia signatory signers of an agreement (esp. among nations); Ex. Most western nations are signatories to this treaty. axle supporting shaft on which a wheel revolves; 차축 hub center part of a wheel; center (of activity) boggle hesitate or shy away as in fear disillusion free from or deprive of illusion disillusioned feeling bitter and unhappy as a result of having learned the unpleasant truth attune bring into harmony; CF. tune forethought advance deliberation egalitarian affirming equality for all literacy ability to read and write; ADJ. literate grade level gradually to a desired gradient; Ex. grade into $\cdots$: 점차 $\cdots$로 변하다 cultivate seek the acquaintance or good will of; improve and prepare (land) for raising crops; grow (plant or crop); nurture; foster; form and refine as by education; Ex. try to cultivate those in power; Ex. cultivate a knowledge of music cultivated cultured; showing good education, manners culture all products of human thought; breeding of animals or growing of plants; CF. agriculture, horticulture hardheaded stubborn; pragmatic; practical; Ex. hardheaded businessman/decision sill horizontal member that bears the upright potion of a frame; 문지방; CF. windowsill silo cylindrical structure where fodder is stored canvas heavy, closely woven fabric (used for tents and sails); piece of such fabric on which a painting is executed residence place in which one lives; act or period of residing in a place wardrobe cabinet or closet built to hold clothes; garments collectively mansion large stately house rhinestone 모조다이아몬드; colorless artificial gem patio 안뜰(inner court); outdoor space that adjoins a residence and is often paved terrace balcony; open area adjacent to a house serving as an outdoor living space; row of building hold interior of a ship or airplane in which cargo is stored instrument object used to help in work instrumental helpful; serving as a means; (of music) for instruments, not voices instrumentation arrangement of music for instruments; application or use of instruments orchestra group of musicians who play together on various instruments damp wet; moist; N: moisture; V: moisten; restrain or check; dampen; decrease the amplitude of soggy saturated with moisture; soaked; completely wet fixate make fixed or stationary; gaze steadily at something; preoccupy; Ex. fixated on stories about sex calibrate adjust the graduation of (a quantitative measuring instrument) uphold prevent from falling; support; defend (a right or principle) against attack; maintain against opposition cosmopolitan consisting of people from many parts of the world; (of a person) not narrow-minded; showing wide experience; worldwide; Ex. cosmopolitan city/outlook on life/animal h 69 acolyte person who helps a priest to perform religious ceremonies; devoted follower popular widely liked; of or representing the people; prevalent among the people; Ex. popular sovereignty/name jamb one of eh vertical posts of a door or window frame; 대문 등의 옆기둥 lair den or dwelling of a wild animal host organism in which a parasite lives deed 훌륭한 행위; exploit; document that is an official record of an agreement (esp. an agreement concerning ownership of property) contract bargain; agreement; V: enter into contract; catch (a disease); shrink by drawing together; shorten (a word or words) by omitting some of the letters; Ex. contract a cold; Ex. ``isn't'' insulin pancreatic hormone; CF. diabetes의 특효약 stab pierce with a pointed weapon; N: act of stabbing; sudden piercing pain squall sudden violent windstorm with rain or snow sloppy carelessly done; untidy or messy; slipshod; slovenly; Ex. sloppy piece of work famish starve; CF. famine compatriot person from one's own country; 동포 grip take a very tight hold; hold the attention of; N: tight hold; firm grasp; mastery or command; suitcase; member of a film crew who moves the cameras around; Ex. a good grip on the subject gripping holding the attention; very exciting; Ex. a gripping film hiss 쉿하는 소리를 내다; hiss at in order to show disapproval and dislike insider accepted member of a group one who has special access to confidential information knowledgeable (of a person) knowing a lot byline line at the head of a newspaper or article carrying the writer's name credits acknowledgment of work done as in a film ripple small wave; V. concession conceding; something conceded; privilege of maintaining a business in a certain place prosecute continue (a task) until completion; initiate court action against declaim speak loudly (and with grandiloquence) aboveboard without any attempt to deceive overdue being unpaid when due; past due; late; tardy win_over/round gain the support of; OP. disaffect basin open container; 물동이; small enclosed body of water; 웅덩이; bowl-shaped depression in the surface of the land or ocean floor; 분지 brewery place where beer is made caveat warning or caution h 70 calipers instrument used to measure thickness and distances n moat deep wide ditch (filled with water) surrounding a town or castle as a defense bare lacking the usual covering; naked; not hidden; open to view; empty; Ex. in bare feet; Ex. bare truth; Ex. The cupboard was bare. strain breed or type of plant or animal; inborn tendency or character (esp. one passed from parents to children) ; particular quality; streak; trace; meaning of what one says; Ex. There is a strain of madness in her family. aorta 대동맥; largest blood vessel leaving the heart; CF. capillary ventricle 실; cavity or chamber (as in the heart) auricle outer projecting portion of the ear antibiotic drug that kills bacteria; 항생물질 antibody 항체; immune body; protein produced as an immune response to a specific antigen antigen 항원; substance that when introduced into the body stimulates the production of an antibody pathogen agent that causes disease (such as a bacterium or fungus) reagent 시약; substance used in a chemical reaction colon 결장; section of the large intestine from which the remains of undigested food leave the body esophagus 식도 gland 선; organ that produces a secretion for use elsewhere in the body niche recess in a wall as for holding a statue; suitable place or job (suited to one's abilities or interests) legitimate reasonable; correct or allowable according to the law; Ex. quite legitimate conclusion porcelain 작; china earthenware rather roughly baked clay diction choice and use of words in speech or writing; clarity of pronunciation mitten 벙어리ㅈ 장갑 suspender 바지의 멜빵 desalinize desalinate; remove salt from pad soft material used to fill, give shape, or protect against injury rapids whitewater; fast-moving part of a river rainfall amount of rain or snow that falls in a certain time cloudburst sudden heavy fall of rain surf waves of the sea as they break upon a shore foam mass of bubbles on the surface of a liquid overreach reach or extend over or beyond; miss by attempting too much evict expel (a tenant); force to leave a house by law intercede (중간에 끼어들어서) plead on another's behalf; speak in favor of someone, esp. in order to save from punishment; N. intercession rung cross-bar that forms the steps of a ladder colonial inhabitant of a colony (not a member of the original population) molest attack and harm; attack (a woman or a child) sexually county 군; large area that includes several towns; CF. count: 백작 h 71 posit postulate; assume the existence of delicate needing careful handling; fragile; easily damaged; easily made ill; finely made (showing great skill); exquisite; dainty; (of a taste or smell) pleasing in a subtle way; sensitive; Ex. delicate wine glasses/situation/child/flavor/smell/instrument; N. delicacy foolproof infallible; that cannot go wrong troupe group of performers (singers, actors, dancers for playing dramas); CF. troop troop group of people or wild animals (when moving); group of soldiers; V: move together in a group; CF. troops: soldiers orchestra group of musicians who play music; CF. ensemble snare trap used for capturing birds and small animals; V. cramp sudden involuntary muscular contraction (which makes movement impossible); V: be affected with a cramp cramp restrict; N: something that restricts cramped limited in space; OP. commodious cram force into a small space; stuff; fill too tightly or too full; gorge with food; study intensively just before an examination pressing demanding immediate attention; urgent; Ex. pressing business sinkhole 석회암 지대의 움푹 패인 땅; natural depression in a land surface, usu. occurring in limestone regions gusher one that gushes; gas or oil well thunderbolt lightning accompanied by thunder filler something added to augment weight or size or to fill space; material used to fill in flaws in a surface placard sign or notice for public display pageant elaborate public spectacle depicting a historical event; spectacular procession; (축제 등의) 화려한 행렬; color showy display (with no meaning) twinge sudden sharp attack (of pain); Ex. twinge of toothache imaginative showing the use of the imagination; good at producing new ideas; Ex. imaginative writing/child; CF. unimaginative: lacking in imagination; pedestrian imaginary not real; existing only in imagination percolate pass slowly through a material that has small holes in it h 72 typify be a typical example or sign of; represent in a typical manner (by an image or model) dependable able to be trusted; reliable; trustworthy; Ex. dependable source of income underground hidden; operating secretly; clandestine; representing a view that is not generally accepted esp. in art; of avant-garde art; Ex. underground newspaper/film; ADV. N: clandestine organization working against a government in power; 지하단체; 지하 운동조직 epidermis outer part of the skin full-blown fully developed; Ex. full-blown war full-bodied strong finance management of money; money to help run a business; V: provide a large amount of money for; Ex. finance the repairs to the school shipment a load of goods sent together by sea, road, or air; shipping; sending and delivery of goods bespeak show; be a sign of stylize (in art or description) restrict to a particular style; present in a fixed often less detailed style (rather that exactly as it is in real life); Ex. stylized representation of hearts and diamonds in playing cards boulder large stone or mass of rock chipmunk a kind of squirrel bulb round root of certain plants; any object of this shape; glass part of an electric lamp; Ex. tulip bulb nucleate bring together into a nucleus; ADJ: having a nucleus cosmetic intended to make the skin or hair more beautiful; dealing only with the outside appearance; superficial; lacking significance; N: cosmetic substance; Ex. a few cosmetic repairs to the house h 77 speak_one's_mind express one's thoughts (too) directly rhyme correspondence of terminal sounds of words or of lines of verse; poem having rhymes; poem having rhymes; V: form a rhyme; compose rhymes tone quality or character of sound; manner of expression; general atmosphere; shade of color; Ex. an angry tone of voice; Ex. room with an elegant tone; Ex. various tones of blue; V: tone down: moderate; make less severe; tone up: make or become more vigorous tune simple melody; song; a number of musical notes that form a pleasing pattern of sound; agreement; harmony (in pitch or key); Ex. in tune with the period; Ex. The piano is out of tune; V: put in tune; adjust pitch set up (a tent or camp) esp. for a short time; throw; set at a specified key or pitch; N: degree of highness or lowness of a musical note or speaking voice; degree; level; Ex. Disagreement reached such a pitch tonality musical key membrane very soft thin skin (in the body) covering or separating organs; Ex. vibrating membrane in the ear jamb side post of a door or window frame hymn song of praise waltz a dance; music for waltz; V. liturgy prescribed form for public worship rite prescribed form for conducting a religious ceremony; ceremonial act ritual prescribed form of a ceremony; rituals: ceremonial act ensemble group of complementary parts that make a whole; coordinated outfit; small group of musicians who play together amortize liquidate (a debt) by installment payments counterpoint combining of two or more tunes (establishing a harmonic relationship); contrasting but parallel element or theme romance love affair; story of love, adventure, mystery, etc. (whose events are grander than those of real life) romantic showing strong feeling of love; of romance; given to thoughts of romance; sentimental; CF. romanticism granted_that even though pinpoint very small area or point; V: locate exactly; describe exactly; Ex. pinpoint it on the map/the causes of the crash glide move smoothly and effortlessly; fly without propulsion; Ex. The boat glided over the lake. cannibal person who eats human flesh; animal that feeds on others of its own kind cannibalize remove serviceable parts from for use in the repair of other equipment of the same kind; Ex. He cannibalized his old car to repair the new one. pilot ship's helmsman; 배의 조타수 baste beat; moisten (meat) periodically with a liquid while cooking topsoil upper part of soil; OP. subsoil geyser 간헐천; natural hot spring that intermittently ejects a column of water and steam tiff slight quarrel; Ex. a lovers' tiff lambaste beat; scold severely; berate infatuate inspire (someone) with unreasoning love; ADJ. infatuated: filled with unreasonable love; Ex. She is infatuated with the boy. garrison military post; troops stationed there; V: assign (troops) to a military post; (군대를) 주둔시키다 larva 애벌레; newly hatched form of insects vat large vessel (to store liquids) snap (of something thin and stiff) break suddenly in two parts; make a sharp cracking sound narcotic addictive drug that induces sleep or stupor narcosis deep stupor or unconsciousness produced by a drug rupture break or burst; N. Ex. rupture of a blood vessel/pipe h ANIMAL cow 암소 bull 수소 ox 수소; 소의 총칭 calf 송아지 beef 쇠고기 veal 송아지고기 moo 소 울음소리 bovine cowlike; placid and dull; slow-thinking; calm pig 돼지 boar 수퇘지 sow 암퇘지 pork 돼지고기 oink 돼지 울음소리 cat 고양이 tomcat 수코양이 she-cat 암코양이 kitten 새끼고양이 mew 고양이 울음소리 feline of a member of the cat family; N. dog 개 puppy 강아지 whelp 강아지; young animal (esp. of the dog or cat family); young wolf, dog, tiger, etc. hound 사냥개 kennel 개집 bark 개짖는 소리 canine related to dogs; doglike rabbit 토끼 hare 산토끼 warren tunnels in which rabbits live; overcrowded living area; crowded conditions in which people live burrow (여우, 토끼, 두더지 등이 판) 굴; shelter; V. sheep 양 ram male sheep ewe female sheep lamb 새끼양; 새끼양의 고기 mutton 양고기 bleat (양, 염소 등이) 매애하고 울다 goat 염소; CF. he-goat, she-goat hen 암탉 cock 수탉 chicken 병아리; 닭고기 crow 수탉의 울음소리; 까마귀 cluck 암탉의 꼬꼬 우는 소리 peacock 공작; 겉치레꾼 horse 말; 수말 mare 암말 stallion 종마 colt 수망아지 filly 암망아지 foal 망아지 pony 조랑말 neigh (말이) 울다; make the sound which horses make whinny neigh like a horse equine resembling a horse; Ex. equine face deer 사슴; 사슴고기 buck 수사슴 doe 암사슴 fawn 새끼사슴 eagle 독수리 eaglet 독수리새끼 aerie 독수리 집; nest of a large bird of prey aquiline curved; hooked; of or like an eagle; Ex. aquiline nose lion 사자 leonine like a lion bear 곰 ursine bearlike; pertaining to a bear fox 여우 vulpine like a fox; crafty ostrich 타조; (타조가 궁지에 몰리면 머리를 모래 속에 처박는다는 속설에서) 현실도피자; 현실을 직시하지 않는 사람 owl 올빼미 elephant 코끼리 trunk 코끼리 코 h WALK clump walk with a heavy dull sound; 쿵쿵 걷다; N: clustered mass; heavy dull sound; 무거운 발걸음 소리 lumber move heavily or clumsily; Ex. The bear lumbered through the woods; N: timber plod walk heavily or laboriously; 터벅터벅 걷다; trudge; walk in a persevering or monotonous way; drudge; Ex. plod under the weight of a burden trudge plod amble moving at an easy pace; V. saunter stroll slowly; N. stroll go for a leisurely walk wander walk slowly and aimlessly; lose coherence of thought or expression march walk steadily and rhythmically pace walk with regular steps (backwards and forwards); measure by counting the number of steps; set the speed of movement for; N: a step made in walking; rate of walking; manner of walking; Ex. a jaunty pace stride walk with long steps; N. prance move about in a spirited manner strut pompous walk; V: walk in a self-important manner swagger walk or behave with an over-confident or insolent manner; strut stamp step on heavily (so as to crush or extinguish); put an end to; imprint or impress with a mark, design, or seal; shape with a die; characterize; Ex. machine stamping out car bodies; Ex. newspaper stamping him as a liar; N. stamping; implement used to stamp; impression stamped; mark; Ex. Her remarks bear the stamp of truth. stomp tread or trample heavily or violently tramp walk with a heavy step; travel on foot; N: vagrant; one who travels aimlessly about; long walk; sound of heavy walking tread walk; trample; N. stump walk in a heavy manner; baffle; puzzle; clear stumps from; N: base of a tree trunk left after the rest has been cut down; (나무의) 그루터기; (연필의) 몽당이; (담배의) 꽁초 creep move with body close to the ground; move stealthily or slowly; N. sneak move, give, or take in a quiet, stealthy way; N: one who sneaks; ADJ. sneaky pad go about quietly on foot (trying to avoid being noticed) tiptoe walk quietly or stealthily on one's toes waddle walk with short steps that tilt the body from side to side; 뒤뚱거리며 걷다 (as a duck does) wade walk through a substance, such as water, that impedes movement shamble walk in an awkward manner, shuffling the feet shuffle mix together; jumble; move (something) from one place to another; slide (the feet) along the ground while walking; Ex. shuffle papers from one pile to another; N. lurch stagger; move with irregular swinging movement; Ex. The drunken man lurched across the street. blunder serious mistake; V: move clumsily (as if blind); make a stupid serious error stagger (cause to) move unsteadily; cause to falter; hesitate; overwhelm as with emotion or misfortune; arrange in alternating or overlapping times; Ex. staggering drunken man; Ex. His incredible story staggers the imagination; N. ADJ. staggering: very surprising; almost unbelievable totter shake or move unsteadily; sway as if about to fall reel walk unsteadily as if drunk; feel dizzy as with confusion; N: spool; bobbin; round object on which a length of thread can be wound stumble trip and almost fall; proceed unsteadily; act falteringly; N. hobble limp (as a result of damage to the legs); fasten together two legs of (a horse); impede the movement of; hamper; N. limp walk lamely; ADJ: lacking firmness; weak mincing affectedly dainty(delicate); V. mince: cut (esp. meat) into very small pieces; walk with exaggerated primness; walk in an unnatural way, taking little short steps; Ex. The actor minced across the stage; CF. mincemeat; CF. mincer h PIECE chunk thick mass or piece; Ex. a chunk of stone/wood/bread hunk chunk, esp. of food; Ex. a hunk of bread slice thin cleanly-cut piece; Ex. a slice of cheese lump mass of a solid material (of no regular size or shape); Ex. a lump of coal/earth/clay clod lump, esp. of clay or earth; Ex. a clod of earth wad thick collection of things pressed together (such as pieces of paper); Ex. a wad of bank notes block solid straight-sided mass; Ex. a block of ice slab thick flat (usu. four-sided) piece; Ex. a slab of stone/cake rasher thin piece of bacon or ham; Ex. a rasher of bacon bar piece of solid material that is longer than it is wide; Ex. a bar of soap segment any of the parts into which something can be divided; Ex. a segment of orange; CF. circle, sector, segment crumb very small piece of dry food; Ex. a crumb of bread/cake; V. crumble: break into crumbs pinch 한번 집은 양; V: squeeze between the thumb and a finger, or other edges; Ex. I had to pinch myself to make sure I wasn't dreaming. speck small piece or mark; Ex. speck of dust in the eye mote small speck (esp. of dust) flake light leaf-like little bit; thin flat broken-off piece (of something hard); Ex. flakes of snow; Ex. a flake of stone; V: fall off in flakes scrap small bit or fragment; discarded waste material; fight; Ex. a scrap of cloth; V: break into parts for disposal; discard as worthless; fight; quarrel shred small narrow piece torn; Ex. a shred of cloth; V: cut or tear into shreds splinter small sharp-pointed piece, esp. of wood, broken off something; Ex. a splinter of wood/glass; V. CF. shatter sliver small thin pointed piece cut or torn off; Ex. a sliver of glass from the broken window chip lose a small piece from the surface or edge; N: small piece broken off something; CF. French fry; Potato chip/crisp dash small amount of something (added to something else); Ex. a dash of pepper; rush; verve; vigor; --; V: rush; 내던지다; fling; hurl; 때려부수다; shatter squirt a quick thin stream of liquid; Ex. a couple of squirts of oil; V. squeeze a small amount pressed out; Ex. tea with a squeeze of lemon puff sudden light rush of air or smoke; act of puffing; V: breathe forcefully and rapidly (during hurried movement); breathe in and out wisp small bunch (of hair); faint streak (of smoke) bale large tightly tied mass; Ex. a bale of paper/hay/cotton